Physics Quiz – Magnetism and Matter (Based on NCERT)

🧲 Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter – Overview

This chapter explores the magnetic properties of materials and the Earth's magnetism. It draws analogies between electric dipoles and magnetic dipoles and explains how magnetic materials respond to magnetic fields. The chapter also highlights natural magnetic phenomena and technological applications of magnetism.

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🔍 Key Concepts:

1. Bar Magnet:

   1. Acts like a magnetic dipole.

   2. Magnetic field lines emerge from the north pole and enter the south pole.

   3. Torque and potential energy experienced in an external magnetic field.

2. Magnetic Field Lines:

   1. Always form closed loops.

   2. Never intersect.

   3. Denser lines imply a stronger field.

3. Magnetism in Earth:

   1. Earth behaves like a giant bar magnet.

   2. Key terms:

      1. Magnetic Declination

      2. Magnetic Inclination (Dip)

      3. Horizontal and Vertical Components of Earth’s Magnetic Field

4. Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity:

   1. Magnetisation (M): Magnetic moment per unit volume.

   2. Magnetic Field Intensity (H): External magnetic field applied.

   3. Magnetic Susceptibility (χ): M/H; a measure of how easily a material is magnetised.

5. Magnetic Properties of Materials:

   1. Diamagnetic: Weakly repelled (e.g., copper, bismuth).

   2. Paramagnetic: Weakly attracted (e.g., aluminium).

   3. Ferromagnetic: Strongly attracted and retain magnetism (e.g., iron, cobalt, nickel).

6. Hysteresis:

   1. Retention of magnetisation in materials.

   2. Represented by a hysteresis loop.

   3. Important for selecting materials for permanent magnets or transformer cores.

7. Magnetic Dipole Moment:

   1. Product of magnetic pole strength and distance between poles.

   2. Denoted by M or μ.

📚 Applications:

• Navigation (compass)
• Data storage (hard drives)
• Electromagnets and transformers
• Magnetic shielding and sensors

Magnetism and Matter Challenge – Expert Level MCQs Quiz

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